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The second half of a two-semester organic chemistry sequence, built from OpenStax Organic Chemistry (chapters 12 to 28, 30 and 31). It starts with how chemists identify molecules: mass spectrometry, infrared, 1H and 13C NMR (shifts, integration, splitting, DEPT) and ultraviolet spectroscopy. Then conjugated dienes and the Diels-Alder reaction, benzene and aromaticity, and electrophilic and nucleophilic aromatic substitution with directing effects and polysubstituted-benzene synthesis. The carbonyl family follows: alcohols and phenols, ethers, epoxides and thiols, aldehydes and ketones (hydrates, acetals, imines, Wittig, conjugate addition), carboxylic acids and nitriles, acid derivatives and nucleophilic acyl substitution, enols and enolates, and the aldol, Claisen, Michael and Robinson reactions. It finishes with amines, carbohydrates, amino acids and proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, pericyclic reactions and synthetic polymers. Cards are text only: compounds are named or written in condensed formulas, mechanisms are described in words, and spectra are given as text, so none of them needs a drawing. It assumes a first-semester course (acids and bases, stereochemistry, substitution and elimination, alkene and alkyne reactions), which Encodr's Organic Chemistry course covers.
Copied straight from the course. In the app, each wrong option also gets its own explanation.
Card 1What is the major product of benzoic acid with HNO3 and H2SO4?
m-Nitrobenzoic acid. A carbonyl-containing group withdraws by resonance and directs the electrophile to the meta position.
Card 2What splitting pattern does the CH2Br group of bromoethane, CH3CH2Br, show in a 1H NMR spectrum?
Quartet. The three CH3 hydrogens are the neighbors, so n + 1 = 4 peaks.
Card 3Why is sodium ethoxide used as the base for the Claisen condensation of an ethyl ester?
It matches the ester's OEt group, so exchange gives no new ester. Using the same alkoxide as the ester keeps any acyl substitution by the base from creating mixtures.
Yes. Create a free Encodr account and all 19 units and 1,965 cards are yours to study, with spaced repetition scheduling your reviews.
OpenStax Organic Chemistry (chapters 12 to 28, 30 and 31, CC BY-NC-SA). The cards are rewritten, not copied.
Mass spec, IR, NMR and UV spectroscopy, conjugated systems, aromatic chemistry, alcohols, ethers, aldehydes and ketones, carboxylic acids and their derivatives, enolate chemistry, amines, carbohydrates, amino acids and proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, pericyclic reactions and polymers.
It assumes first-semester material: acids and bases, stereochemistry, SN1, SN2, E1 and E2, and alkene and alkyne reactions. Encodr's Organic Chemistry course covers those.
No. Cards are text only, so compounds are named or written as condensed formulas, mechanisms are described in words, and spectra are given as text.